PAES imposed in accordance with the Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) No 357/2014 it is meant an efficacy study which is requested by a Competent Authority pursuant to at least one of the situations set out in this said regulation. The data resulting from such a PAES conducted within an authorised therapeutic indication are required to be submitted as they are considered important for complementing available efficacy data in the light of well-reasoned scientific uncertainties on aspects of the evidence of benefits that is to be, or can only be, addressed post-authorisation. The results of the PAES have the potential to impact on the benefit-risk of the medicinal product or product information. (https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory-overview/post-authorisation/pharmacovigilance-post-authorisation/post-authorisation-efficacy-studies-questions-answers)